The State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology (FEBL) was initially established in 1984 and fulfilled in 1989, and was twice evaluated as the excellent laboratory by government in 1996 and in 2001. The present director is Prof. Gui Jianfang and the Chairman of the Academic Committee is Prof. Zhu Zuoyan, academician of CAS. There are 35 fulltime staffs including 17 professors. The laboratory is composed of 6 research groups, such as Lake Ecology, Fisheries Ecology, Water Quality Management and Ecotoxicology, Fish Gene Engineering, Fish Cell Engineering and Algae Biotechnology. The main research activities and objectives are concentrated on two aspects. One is attempting to understand the effect of environmental factors and human activities on the structure and function of freshwater ecosystem, to reveal the mechanisms and influence in the process of water pollution, and to provide the theoretical basis for the sustainable use of freshwater and freshwater bio-resources. The other is to develop modern biotechnology, to devote to the studies on genetics, developmental biology and bioinformatics in fisheries and environment biology, to establish new, high-valued and healthy models for aquaculture, and to provide the theoretical and technological supports for water environment protection and sustainable development of fisheries.